Cage Subsidence and Fusion Rate in Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion with and without Fixation

World Neurosurg. 2019 Feb:122:e969-e977. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.10.182. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the subsidence rate in patients undergoing extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) using data from a 2-year retrospective study to assess the effect of supplemental fixation on the stand-alone procedure.

Methods: Demographic and perioperative data for all patients who underwent XLIF for degenerative lumbar disorders between June 2012 and January 2016 were collected and divided into 4 groups: the stand-alone (SA), lateral fixation, unilateral pedicle screw, and bilateral pedicle screw (BPS) groups. The disk height (DH), lumbar lordotic (LL) angle, and segmental lordotic (SL) angle were measured preoperatively and 3 days, 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Fusion was defined according to computed tomography scan.

Results: There were 126 vertebrae in 107 patients treated. SL angle, LL angle, and DH significantly increased postoperatively in all groups. Although the preoperative and 2-year postoperative DHs in the SA group were similar, the other measures showed significant differences from baseline at each follow-up visit. No significant effects on SL angle or DH were found in any of the groups. A significant difference in the LL angle was found in the BPS group compared with the other groups. At the last follow-up, high-grade subsidence was found in 26.89% of all cases, the fusion rate was 85.71%, and the VAS and JOA scores were significantly improved in all groups.

Conclusions: Supplemental fixation did not significantly influence cage subsidence or SL angle. Only BPS fixation significantly improved the LL angle. The 2-year fusion rate was satisfactory.

Keywords: Cage subsidence; Fusion; Internal fixation; XLIF.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Internal Fixators / trends*
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging*
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / surgery*
  • Spinal Fusion / instrumentation
  • Spinal Fusion / trends*