Background: Occasionally, low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN) present with mucinous peritoneal deposits (MPD) localized to periappendiceal tissue or diffused throughout the peritoneum.
Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating the relevance of mucin cellularity for predicting outcomes of LAMN with remote MPD.
Methods: The records of patients with LAMN and remote MPD who underwent initial assessment at a comprehensive cancer center from 1990 to 2015 were reviewed, and diagnostic procedures, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed.
Results: Of 48 patients included in the analysis, 19 had cellular MPD (CMPD) and 29 had acellular MPD. Of 33 patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery, 30 had a complete cytoreduction; the 3 patients with an incomplete cytoreduction had CMPD. In the follow-up period (median, 4 years), 6 patients died of the disease, all of whom had CMPD. Of 11 patients who had progression of disease, 10 had CMPD.
Conclusion: Cellularity of remote MPD is an important determinant of disease outcome in LAMN. Approaches such as active surveillance may have a role in selected patients with LAMN and AMPD.