Abstract
High-risk nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is a lethal disease that previously lacked clear treatment options. Progression to bone metastases is associated with significant morbidity and high cost. Apalutamide, an androgen receptor inhibitor, has substantial clinical response in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy is well tolerated and improves metastasis-free survival, progression-free survival and time to symptomatic progression, and is associated with a favorable trend of improved overall survival. Future research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of resistance to treatment with androgen signaling inhibitors.
Keywords:
androgen signaling inhibitor; apalutamide; castration-resistant prostate cancer; nonmetastatic; prostate cancer.
MeSH terms
-
Androgen Antagonists / administration & dosage
-
Androgen Antagonists / adverse effects
-
Androgen Antagonists / pharmacokinetics
-
Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use*
-
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
-
Humans
-
Male
-
Neoplasm Metastasis
-
Neoplasm Staging
-
Patient Reported Outcome Measures
-
Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
-
Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
-
Prostatic Neoplasms / mortality
-
Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
-
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / drug therapy
-
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / metabolism
-
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / mortality
-
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / pathology
-
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
-
Signal Transduction / drug effects
-
Thiohydantoins / administration & dosage
-
Thiohydantoins / adverse effects
-
Thiohydantoins / pharmacokinetics
-
Thiohydantoins / therapeutic use*
-
Treatment Outcome
Substances
-
Androgen Antagonists
-
Thiohydantoins
-
apalutamide