Objectives: To evaluate the success of a sedation protocol of fentanyl and midazolam infusions for infants undergoing laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity.
Methods: This retrospective study included infants receiving a sedation protocol for laser photocoagulation during a 4-year period. The primary objective was protocol success, defined as completion without interruption, absence of protocol dose deviations, and absence of interventions. Secondary objectives compared outcomes between those with and without opioid/benzodiazepine exposure. A logistic regression was used to assess the effect of prior opioid/benzodiazepine exposure on requirement for fentanyl infusion increases.
Results: Twenty-six infants were included. Seven (26.9%) had protocol success. Sixteen (61.5%) had protocol success, excluding dose deviations. Seventeen (65.4%) experienced ≥1 cardiopulmonary adverse events. Photocoagulation was completed in all cases.
Conclusions: Most achieved protocol success, when eliminating dosing deviations. These data indicate that flexibility is needed in fentanyl and midazolam infusion titration, based on clinical response.
Keywords: fentanyl, midazolam; neonatal intensive care; retinopathy of prematurity; sedation.