Objective: We previously established concentrated autologous bone marrow aspirate transplantation as a one-step, lowly invasive, joint-preserving surgical technique for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The objectives of this study were to identify factors that may predict the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) count in bone marrow aspirate, concentrated using our method, and to clarify etiology related differences in the number of MSCs in concentrated bone marrow aspirate.
Results: The MSC counts per 106 nucleated cells before concentration in the steroid, alcohol, and trauma groups were 2.31 ± 2.96, 2.58 ± 2.30, and 1.95 ± 1.85, respectively. The MSC counts per 106 nucleated cells after concentration were 3.23 ± 3.41, 3.30 ± 2.83, and 2.56 ± 1.98 cells, respectively. The MSC concentration rates in the steroid, alcohol, and trauma groups were 7.15 ± 5.62, 5.08 ± 1.96, and 8.23 ± 4.82 times, respectively. None of the differences were significant. Multiple regression analysis revealed that MSC count was related to the total bone marrow aspirated, peripheral blood platelet count, and nucleated cell count in the initial aspiration.
Keywords: Concentrated autologous bone marrow aspirate transplantation; Joint-preserving surgery; Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteonecrosis of the femoral head.