Physical properties and cytotoxicity of antimicrobial dental resin adhesives containing dimethacrylate oligomers of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole

Yasaman Delaviz; Timothy W Liu; Ashley R Deonarain; Yoav Finer; Babak Shokati; J Paul Santerre

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.016

Physical properties and cytotoxicity of antimicrobial dental resin adhesives containing dimethacrylate oligomers of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole

Dent Mater. 2019 Feb;35(2):229-243. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.016. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Authors

Yasaman Delaviz¹, Timothy W Liu¹, Ashley R Deonarain², Yoav Finer³, Babak Shokati⁴, J Paul Santerre⁵

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
² Division of Engineering Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³ Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁴ Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁵ Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: paul.santerre@dentistry.utoronto.ca.

PMID: 30502964
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.016

Abstract

Objective: Antimicrobial oligomers synthesized from ciprofloxacin (CF) and metronidazole (MN) were investigated for their potential use in dental adhesives.

Methods: Susceptibility of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans UA159 to CF, MN, and CF/MN combination was evaluated. Hydrolytic stability and drug release from the oligomers was studied in buffer and simulated human salivary esterase conditions. Cytotoxicity of films with 15wt% drug oligomers co-polymerized with commercial monomers were assessed using human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). In-house adhesives were prepared and characterized for viscosity. Polymerized films were analysed for gel content and water swelling. Interfacial fracture toughness (K_IC) of composites bonded to dentin by either a 2 or 3-step etch-and-rinse approach using the in-house formulated adhesives was measured.

Results: The respective minimum inhibitory concentration for CF and MN against S. mutans was 0.7 and 2400μg/mL, with the combination having an additive effect (0.35μg/mL CF with 1200μg/mL MN). Antibiotics were released upon hydrolysis of the oligomers. Films containing the drug oligomers were not cytotoxic against HGFs. Replacing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with the drug oligomers increased the viscosity of the experimental adhesives, reduced gel content, and decreased swelling of films in water. Antimicrobial adhesives demonstrated bonding to dentin with interfacial K_IC values comparable to the in-house control in the 2-step application, and with slightly lower K_IC values in the 3-step approach.

Significance: The antimicrobial oligomers can be incorporated into dental adhesive systems using formulations that show comparable fracture toughness to commercial materials, and may provide a means to deliver local antimicrobial drug release at the marginal interface.

Keywords: Esterase; Interfacial fracture toughness; Methacrylate; Resin composites; Secondary caries; Streptococcus mutans.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adhesives
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents*
Ciprofloxacin
Dental Bonding*
Dental Cements
Dentin
Dentin-Bonding Agents
Humans
Materials Testing
Metronidazole
Resin Cements
Resins, Synthetic

Substances

Adhesives
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Dental Cements
Dentin-Bonding Agents
Resin Cements
Resins, Synthetic
Metronidazole
Ciprofloxacin