The protective effect of zeranol in cerebral ischemia reperfusion via p-CREB overexpression

Life Sci. 2019 Jan 15:217:212-221. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.017. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Abstract

Aims: Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) is a neurovascular disease leading to cerebral damage. It was found that postmenopausal women are liable to more dangerous effects than men at same age in stroke. The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of zeranol against cerebral ischemia reperfusion in ovariectomized rats.

Main methods: 36 female wistar rats divided in to 3 groups: sham group, I/R group (where I/R was induced 7 weeks after ovariectomy), zeranol group (0.5 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 weeks before I/R). Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) was performed by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion then de-ligated to restore blood flow. After 24 h of reperfusion, rats performed cylinder test to evaluate behavioral dysfunction followed by decapitation. Brain tissues were collected for biochemical measures such as oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde, antioxidant markers reduced glutathione, inflammatory markers (interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase), matrix metalloproteinase-9, adenosine triphosphate, brain derived neurotrophic factor, glucose transporter-3, phosphorylated c-AMP response element binding protein and finally nissl staining for histopathological examination.

Key findings: The zeranol administered group showed a reversal of neuronal damage caused by ischemia evidenced by the decrease in MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP-9 levels, increase GSH, and ATP levels, decrease expression of iNOS in both regions cortex and hippocampus, increase protein level of p-CREB, GLUT-3 and BDNF, increase number of intact neuron cells in both regions and attenuated histological changes in both cortex and hippocampus regions.

Significance: Zeranol has neuroprotective potential against cerebral ischemia reperfusion in ovariectomized rats.

Keywords: Cerebral ischemia reperfusion; GLUT-3 and BDNF; Inflammatory markers; Oxidative stress; p-CREB.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / drug effects*
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Brain / pathology
  • Brain / physiopathology
  • Brain Ischemia / drug therapy*
  • Brain Ischemia / metabolism
  • Brain Ischemia / pathology
  • Brain Ischemia / physiopathology
  • Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / analysis
  • Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Inflammation Mediators / analysis
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / analysis
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism
  • Neurogenesis / drug effects
  • Neuronal Plasticity / drug effects
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / analysis
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Phytoestrogens / therapeutic use*
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reperfusion Injury / drug therapy*
  • Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
  • Reperfusion Injury / pathology
  • Reperfusion Injury / physiopathology
  • Zeranol / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Creb1 protein, rat
  • Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Phytoestrogens
  • Zeranol
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Nos2 protein, rat
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9