Clinical utility of a molecular signature in inflammatory demyelinating disease

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2018 Nov 9;6(1):e520. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000520. eCollection 2019 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: We sought to develop molecular biomarkers of intrathecal inflammation to assist neurologists in identifying patients most likely to benefit from a range of immune therapies.

Methods: We used Luminex technology and index determination to search for an inflammatory activity molecular signature (IAMS) in patients with inflammatory demyelinating disease (IDD), other neuroinflammatory diagnoses, and noninflammatory controls. We then followed the clinical characteristics of these patients to find how the presence of the signature might assist in diagnosis and prognosis.

Results: A CSF molecular signature consisting of elevated CXCL13, elevated immunoglobulins, normal albumin CSF/serum ratio (Qalbumin), and minimal elevation of cytokines other than CXCL13 provided diagnostic and prognostic value; absence of the signature in IDD predicted lack of subsequent inflammatory events. The signature outperformed oligoclonal bands, which were frequently false positive for active neuroinflammation.

Conclusions: A CSF IAMS may prove useful in the diagnosis and management of patients with IDD and other neuroinflammatory syndromes.

Classification of evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence that a CSF IAMS identifies patients with IDD.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Albumins / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Chemokine CXCL13 / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Cytokines / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Demyelinating Diseases / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Demyelinating Diseases / complications
  • Demyelinating Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Encephalitis / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Encephalitis / complications
  • Encephalitis / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myelitis / cerebrospinal fluid*
  • Myelitis / complications
  • Myelitis / diagnosis*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Albumins
  • Biomarkers
  • CXCL13 protein, human
  • Chemokine CXCL13
  • Cytokines
  • Immunoglobulins