Developmental analyses of divarications in leaves of an aquatic fern Microsorum pteropus and its varieties

Saori Miyoshi; Seisuke Kimura; Ryo Ootsuki; Takumi Higaki; Akiko Nakamasu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0210141

Developmental analyses of divarications in leaves of an aquatic fern Microsorum pteropus and its varieties

PLoS One. 2019 Jan 25;14(1):e0210141. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210141. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Saori Miyoshi¹, Seisuke Kimura^{1

2}, Ryo Ootsuki^{3

4}, Takumi Higaki⁵, Akiko Nakamasu^{1

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Bioresource and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
² Center for Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
³ Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Komazawa University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
⁶ Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract

Plant leaves occur in diverse shapes. Divarication patterns that develop during early growths are one of key factors that determine leaf shapes. We utilized leaves of Microsorum pteropus, a semi-aquatic fern, and closely related varieties to analyze a variation in the divarication patterns. The leaves exhibited three major types of divarication: no lobes, bifurcation, and trifurcation (i.e., monopodial branching). Our investigation of their developmental processes, using time-lapse imaging, revealed localized growths and dissections of blades near each leaf apex. Restricted cell divisions responsible for the apical growths were confirmed using a pulse-chase strategy for EdU labeling assays.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cell Division / physiology
Plant Epidermis / cytology*
Plant Leaves / cytology
Plant Leaves / growth & development*
Polypodiaceae / growth & development*

Grants and funding

The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science provided grants to AK (12J10320), SK (JP16H01472 and JP16K07408), and RO (26650146). MEXT Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology of Japan provided support to SK (S1511023). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.