Among secondary hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia due to diabetes is common and important. Hyperlipidemia due to diabetes is divided into hypertriglyceridemia due to diabetic ketoacidosis (diabetic lipemia) and dyslipidemia due to relative insulin deficiency/insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (diabetic dyslipidemia). Elevation of chylomicron due to the inactivation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) induced by insulin deficiency is characteristic of diabetic lipemia, which is promptly ameliorated by insulin therapy. The characteristic lipo- protein profile for diabetic dyslipidemia involves elevations of VLDL, IDL, and small dense LDL and a reduc- tion of HDL. Relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance induces the activation of hormone-sensitive lipase, reduced degradation of apoB100, increased microsomal triglyceride (TG) transfer protein, and inactivation of LPL and activation of hepatic TG lipase, which induce diabetic dyslipidemia. Diabetic dyslipidemia is a markedly ath- erogenic state, which should be carefully managed. [Review].