Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARB)

Excerpt

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are a class of medications that selectively inhibit the binding of angiotensin II to the angiotensin type 1 receptor. This inhibition leads to vasodilation, reduced aldosterone secretion, and decreased blood pressure. ARBs are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, including diabetic nephropathy. The therapeutic indications of these agents overlap with those of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. However, ARBs are particularly beneficial for patients who cannot tolerate angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors due to their side effects, such as a persistent cough or angioedema. ARBs are generally well-tolerated but may cause adverse effects such as hyperkalemia, hypotension, dizziness, and renal function deterioration.