1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, San Raffaele Hospital, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
2 Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Advanced Heart Failure and Mechanical Circulatory Support Program, San Raffaele Hospital, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
3 ECMO Centre Karolinska, Department of Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
4 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Cardiothoracic Centre, Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Gruppo Ospedaliero San Donato, Milan, Italy.