Objective: Previous research has shown a strong correlation between the Ki-67 proliferation index and grade of malignancy in astrocytoma. Ki-67 has also shown encouraging results as a prognostic marker for patients' overall survival (OS). We focus on whether the index is linked to the appearance of glioblastoma on pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or to OS.
Methods: In our retrospective study, only isocitrate dehydrogenase IDH wild-type glioblastoma was included (n = 152). Ki-67 index was quantified via immunohistochemistry. On all pretreatment MRI, tumor compartments (tumor, necrosis, and edema) were volumetrically assessed. An OS subpopulation was filtered from the total cohort (residual tumor volume ≤2 cm3). In addition, a propensity score matching was executed.
Results: All volumetric assessed tumor volumes correlated with each other (P ≤ 0.011), although the Ki-67 index showed no correlation with any of the measured volumes. Concerning the OS, a cutoff value of 20% for the Ki-67 index showed a significant influence on patients' OS in multivariate analysis (P = 0.043).
Conclusions: The unique appearance of every glioblastoma on MRI seems to be independent of the Ki-67 index. Furthermore, the Ki-67 index did show a distinct prognostic value for OS within our cohort at a cutoff value of 20% for Ki-67.
Keywords: Glioblastoma; Ki-67; Magnetic resonance imaging; Neuroimaging; Prognosis; Prognostic marker; Segmentation.
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