Pegunigalsidase alfa, a novel PEGylated enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease, provides sustained plasma concentrations and favorable pharmacodynamics: A 1-year Phase 1/2 clinical trial

J Inherit Metab Dis. 2019 May;42(3):534-544. doi: 10.1002/jimd.12080. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Abstract

Pegunigalsidase alfa, a novel PEGylated, covalently crosslinked form of α-galactosidase A developed as enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for Fabry disease (FD), was designed to increase plasma half-life and reduce immunogenicity, thereby enhancing efficacy compared with available products. Symptomatic adults with FD participated in this open-label, 3-month dose-ranging study, followed by a 9-month extension. Three cohorts were enrolled in a stepwise manner, each receiving increased doses of pegunigalsidase alfa: 0.2, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg, via intravenous infusion every other week. Pharmacokinetic analysis occurred on Day 1 and Months 3, 6, and 12. Kidney biopsies at baseline and Month 6 assessed peritubular capillary globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) content. Renal function, cardiac parameters, and other clinical endpoints were assessed throughout. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) and presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antidrug antibodies (ADAs) were assessed. Sixteen patients completed 1 year's treatment. Mean terminal plasma half-life (each cohort) ranged from 53 to 121 hours. All 11 male and 1 of 7 female patients presented with classic FD phenotype, in whom renal peritubular capillary Gb3 inclusions were reduced by 84%. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 111 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline, remaining stable throughout treatment. Three patients developed treatment-induced IgG ADAs; following 1 year's treatment, all became ADA-negative. Nearly all treatment-emergent AEs were mild or moderate. One patient withdrew from the study following a serious related AE. Pegunigalsidase alfa may represent an advance in ERT for FD, based on its unique pharmacokinetics and apparent low immunogenicity.

Keywords: Fabry disease; antidrug antibodies; enzyme replacement therapy; immunogenicity; pegunigalsidase alfa; pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Enzyme Replacement Therapy*
  • Fabry Disease / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Heart / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Internationality
  • Kidney / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Trihexosylceramides / metabolism*
  • Young Adult
  • alpha-Galactosidase / administration & dosage*
  • alpha-Galactosidase / pharmacokinetics*

Substances

  • Trihexosylceramides
  • globotriaosylceramide
  • alpha-Galactosidase