Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and other therapeutics for malignancies: Combination and opportunity

Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 May:70:498-503. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.010. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy provides possibility for the treatment of malignancies since clinical trials have shown that CAR-T therapy has a significant anti-tumor effect. Although many efforts have been made to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects of CAR-T therapy, there are still many problems to solve. With the rapid development of this field, combination immunotherapy has been proved to improve the efficacy of CAR-T therapy. Studies have shown that radiotherapy, chemotherapy, oncolytic virotherapy, BTK inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade-based therapy may further enhance the efficacy of CAR-T therapy while CRISPR/Cas9 technology and IL-1 blockade may improve the safety. In this review, we summarized the advantages and the mechanisms of the combination immunotherapy based on CAR-T cell therapy.

Keywords: CAR-T therapy; Combination immunotherapy; Malignancies.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / methods*
  • Interleukin-1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Oncolytic Virotherapy
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Radioimmunotherapy
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / genetics*
  • T-Lymphocytes / physiology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / transplantation

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors
  • Interleukin-1
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen