Sports participation is inversely associated with C-reactive protein levels in adolescents: ABCD Growth Study

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the relationship between sports participation and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in adolescents and to identify the possible role of mediation developed by trunk fatness (TF).

Methods: Cross-sectional design, part of the longitudinal study entitled "Analysis of Behaviors of Children During Growth" (ABCD Growth Study), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. The sample comprised 259 adolescents (14.7 ± 2.1 [182 boys and 77 girls]) stratified according to sex and engagement in sports in agreement with the inclusion criteria: absence of any known diseases; previous engagement in sports for at least 12 months (≥300 minutes weekly); no regular engagement in sports in the previous 12 months (non-regular sports participation or <300 min/wk); written parental consent and adolescents' assent both signed. Engagement in sports was self-reported. CRP levels were used to assess the inflammatory status. TF was estimated by a densitometer scanner. Age, biological maturation, HOMA-IR, and blood pressure were treated as covariates.

Results: There was no mediation effect of TF in the association of any indicators of sports practice and CRP. However, a direct effect of sports was observed on CRP levels when considering previous months of engagement, frequency, and volume of sports for boys and also previous months of engagement in sports for girls.

Conclusion: Previous sports participation and the amount of engagement in sports per week (≥300 min/wk) presented an inverse relationship with CRP levels; however, trunk fatness did not mediate this process.

Keywords: adiposity; inflammation; physical exercise.