Nanostructured magnetic Mg2SiO4-CoFe2O4 composite scaffold with multiple capabilities for bone tissue regeneration

Ashkan Bigham; Amir Hamed Aghajanian; Shima Behzadzadeh; Zahra Sokhani; Sara Shojaei; Yeganeh Kaviani; S A Hassanzadeh-Tabrizi

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.096

Nanostructured magnetic Mg₂SiO₄-CoFe₂O₄ composite scaffold with multiple capabilities for bone tissue regeneration

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Jun:99:83-95. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.096. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Authors

Ashkan Bigham¹, Amir Hamed Aghajanian², Shima Behzadzadeh³, Zahra Sokhani³, Sara Shojaei³, Yeganeh Kaviani³, S A Hassanzadeh-Tabrizi⁴

Affiliations

¹ Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran. Electronic address: ashkanbigham@smt.iaun.ac.ir.
² Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
³ Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
⁴ Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran. Electronic address: hassanzadeh@pmt.iaun.ac.ir.

PMID: 30889758
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.096

Abstract

Multifunctional magnetic 3D scaffolds are recently of particular interest because of their applications in hyperthermia-based therapy and localized drug delivery beside of their basic properties to be applied in bone tissue regeneration. In the current study, a magnetic nanocomposite is designed and synthesized through a two-step synthesis strategy in which CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles are prepared via sol-gel combustion method and then they are coated through sol-gel method with Mg₂SiO₄. The characterization relates to the nanocomposite shows that Mg₂SiO₄-CoFe₂O₄ is successfully synthesized and it has a core-shell structure. Then, 3D scaffolds are fabricated through polymer sponge technique from the nanocomposite. Physiochemical and biological properties of the scaffolds are assessed in vitro amongst which bioactivity, biodegradability, mechanical properties, hyperthermia capability, controlled release potential, antibacterial activity, cell compatibility and attachment can be mentioned. The results demonstrate that the scaffolds have high porous structure with interconnected porosity and desirable mechanical properties close to cancellous bone. The magnetic scaffold is biodegradable and bioactive and exhibits controlled release of rifampin as an antibiotic drug up to 96 h. Moreover, in the exposure of different magnetic fields it has potential to produce heat for different kinds of hyperthermia-based therapies. The antibacterial activity of drug-loaded scaffold is assessed against S. aureus bacteria. The results suggest that Mg₂SiO₄-CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposite scaffold with multiple capabilities has a great potential to be applied in the case of large bone defects which are caused by tumors to not only eradicate remained cancerous tissues, but also prevent infection after surgery and regenerate bone defect.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Bone scaffolds; Drug delivery; Hyperthermia; Magnetic nanocomposite.

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
Bone Regeneration* / drug effects
Bone and Bones / drug effects
Bone and Bones / physiology*
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival / drug effects
Cobalt / chemistry*
Drug Delivery Systems
Elements
Ferric Compounds / chemistry*
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Hyperthermia, Induced
Magnesium Silicates / chemistry*
Magnetics*
Nanocomposites / chemistry*
Nanocomposites / ultrastructure
Nanostructures / chemistry*
Nanostructures / ultrastructure
Porosity
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry*
X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Elements
Ferric Compounds
Magnesium Silicates
cobalt ferrite
Florisil
Cobalt