RETRACTED: Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human oral squamous carcinoma cells by down-regulating miR-221

Eur J Pharmacol. 2019 Jun 15:853:353-363. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.040. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Abstract

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Given the comments regarding this article https://pubpeer.com/publications/917A4D8593F06C8E5ADC7AA0A30136, particularly regarding the background of the Western Blots from Figure 2B, the journal requested the authors to provide the raw data. However, the authors were not able to fulfil this request and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.

Keywords: Anti-cancer; Ginsenoside Rg3; MicroR-221; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; TIMP3.

Publication types

  • Retracted Publication

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects*
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Ginsenosides / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
  • Male
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Mouth Neoplasms / genetics
  • Mouth Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism

Substances

  • Ginsenosides
  • MicroRNAs
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • MIR221, human
  • ginsenoside Rg3