Activation of prolyl hydroxylase-2 for stabilization of mitochondrial stress along with simultaneous downregulation of HIF-1α/FASN in ER + breast cancer subtype

Cell Biochem Funct. 2019 Jun;37(4):216-227. doi: 10.1002/cbf.3389. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to inquest the chemical activation of prolyl hydroxylase-2 for the curtailment of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and fatty acid synthase. It was well documented that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and fatty acid synthase were overexpressed in mammary gland carcinomas. After screening a battery of compounds, BBAP-2 was retrieved as a potential prolyl hydroxylase-2 activator and validates its activity using ER + MCF-7 cell line and n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-induced rat in vivo model, respectively. BBAP-2 was palpable for the morphological characteristics of apoptosis along with changes in the mitochondrial intergrity as visualized by acridine orange/ethidium bromide and JC-1 staining against ER + MCF-7 cells. BBAP-2 also arrest the cell cycle of ER + MCF-7 cells at G2/M phase. Afterward, BBAP-2 has scrutinized against n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino Wistar rats. BBAP-2 restored the morphological architecture when screened through carmine staining, haematoxylin and eosin staining, and scanning electron microscopy. BBAP-2 also delineated the markers of oxidative stress favourably. The immunoblotting and mRNA expression analysis validated that BBAP-2 has a potentialty activate the prolyl hydroxylase-2 with sequential downregulating effect on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and its downstream checkpoint. BBAP-2 also fostered apoptosis through mitochondrial-mediated death pathway. The present study elaborates the chemical activation of prolyl hydroxylase-2 by which the increased expression of HIF-1α and FASN can be reduced in mammary gland carcinoma.

Keywords: breast cancer; fatty acid synthase; hypoxia-inducible factor; n-methyl-n-nitrosourea; prolyl hydroxylase.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Benzopyrans / chemistry
  • Benzopyrans / pharmacology
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects*
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / metabolism*
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases / metabolism*
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / drug therapy
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / metabolism
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology
  • Mitochondria / drug effects*
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Benzopyrans
  • HIF1A protein, human
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • EGLN1 protein, human
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases
  • FASN protein, human
  • Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I