Biomechanical Impact of Localized Corneal Cross-linking Beyond the Irradiated Treatment Area

J Refract Surg. 2019 Apr 1;35(4):253-260. doi: 10.3928/1081597X-20190304-01.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the stiffening effect of localized corneal cross-linking (L-CXL) within and beyond the irradiated region in three dimensions.

Methods: Ten porcine eyes were debrided of epithelium and incrementally soaked with 0.1% riboflavin solution. Using a customized, sharp-edged mask, half of the cornea was blocked while the other half was exposed to blue light (447 nm). The three-dimensional biomechanical properties of each cornea were then measured via Brillouin microscopy. An imaging system was used to quantify the optimal transition zone between cross-linked and non-cross-linked sections of the cornea when considering light propagation and scattering.

Results: A broad transition zone of 610 µm in width was observed between the fully cross-linked and non-cross-linked sections, indicating the stiffening response extended beyond the irradiated region. Light propagation and the scattering induced by the riboflavin-soaked cornea accounted for a maximum of 25 and 159 ± 3.2 µm, respectively.

Conclusions: The stiffening effect of L-CXL extends beyond that of the irradiated area. When considering L-CXL protocols clinically, it will be important to account for increased stiffening in surrounding regions. [J Refract Surg. 2019;35(4):253-260.].

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Collagen / metabolism
  • Cornea / drug effects
  • Cornea / metabolism
  • Cornea / physiopathology*
  • Corneal Stroma / metabolism
  • Cross-Linking Reagents*
  • Elasticity / physiology*
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional
  • Photosensitizing Agents / pharmacology*
  • Riboflavin / pharmacology
  • Swine
  • Ultraviolet Rays

Substances

  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • Collagen
  • Riboflavin