The role of sirtuin 1 and its activator, resveratrol in osteoarthritis

Biosci Rep. 2019 May 10;39(5):BSR20190189. doi: 10.1042/BSR20190189. Print 2019 May 31.

Abstract

Osteoarthitis (OA) is the most common aging-related joint pathology; the aging process results in changes to joint tissues that ultimately contribute to the development of OA. Articular chondrocytes exhibit an aging-related decline in their proliferative and synthetic capacity. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1), a longevity gene related to many diseases associated with aging, is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase and master metabolic regulator. Along with its natural activator resveratrol, SIRT 1 actively participates in the OA pathological progress. SIRT 1 expression in osteoarthritic cartilage decreases in the disease progression of OA; it appears to play a predominantly regulatory role in OA. SIRT 1 can regulate the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins; promote mesenchymal stem cell differentiation; play anti-catabolic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis roles; participate in the autophagic process; and regulate bone homeostasis in OA. Resveratrol can activate SIRT 1 in order to inhibit OA disease progression. In the future, activating SIRT 1 via resveratrol with improved bioavailability may be an appropriate therapeutic approach for OA.

Keywords: cartilage; chondrocyte; osteoarthitis; resveratrol; sirtuin 1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aging / genetics
  • Aging / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Bone and Bones / drug effects
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism
  • Bone and Bones / pathology
  • Cartilage / drug effects
  • Cartilage / metabolism
  • Cartilage / pathology
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Chondrocytes / drug effects*
  • Chondrocytes / metabolism
  • Chondrocytes / pathology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / genetics
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / drug effects
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / pathology
  • Osteoarthritis / drug therapy*
  • Osteoarthritis / genetics*
  • Osteoarthritis / metabolism
  • Osteoarthritis / pathology
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Resveratrol / pharmacology*
  • Sirtuin 1 / genetics*
  • Sirtuin 1 / metabolism

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • SIRT1 protein, human
  • Sirtuin 1
  • Resveratrol