Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of active ingredients in the essential oils from Gynura procumbens, a traditional medicine and a new and popular food material

J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 Jul 15:239:111916. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111916. Epub 2019 Apr 26.

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Gynura procumbens is applied topically for the treatment of traumatic injuries in South China.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted to identify the active ingredients in the essential oils from Gynura procumbens (GPEO) by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in vivo and in vitro.

Results: A reduction in dswelling and pain were observed in mice treated with GPEO or its active ingredients (α-pinene, 3-carene, and limonene) compared with mice treated with a solvent control. GPEO or its three active ingredients had potent pharmacological effects on COX-2 overexpression and LPS-induced migration of Raw264.7 macrophages. All three ingredients inhibited nociceptive stimulus-induced inflammatory infiltrates and COX-2 overexpression, which could be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of GPEO. However, only 3-carene produced an antinociceptive effect.

Conclusion: Consistent with the traditional usage in Southern China, GPEO may serve as a promising potent external therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic pain.

Keywords: Analgesic; Anti-Inflammatory; Cyclooxygenase-2; Essential oils; Gynura procumbens; Traditional medicine.

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Asteraceae*
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Edema / chemically induced
  • Edema / drug therapy*
  • Food
  • Formaldehyde
  • Hot Temperature / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Medicine, Chinese Traditional
  • Mice
  • Oils, Volatile / therapeutic use*
  • Pain / chemically induced
  • Pain / drug therapy*
  • Phytotherapy
  • RAW 264.7 Cells

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Oils, Volatile
  • Formaldehyde