Patient-Refined Messaging for a Mailed Colorectal Cancer Screening Program: Findings from the PROMPT Study

J Am Board Fam Med. 2019 May-Jun;32(3):318-328. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2019.03.180275.

Abstract

Background: Improving uptake of colorectal cancer screening has the potential of saving thousands of lives. We compared the effectiveness of automated and live prompts and reminders as part of a mailed fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outreach program.

Design and methods: Participants were 1767 adults aged 50 to 75 eyars who were not up-to-date with colorectal cancer screening recommendations at a participating community health center clinic. In addition to a mailed FIT kit, participants were randomized to receive (1) a text message prompt and 2 automated phone call reminders (automated condition); (2) up to 3 live call reminders (live condition); or (3) a text message prompt, 2 automated call reminders, and up to 3 live reminders (combined automated plus live condition). We assessed FIT completion rates in each group 6 months following randomization.

Key results: Nearly one-third of participants completed an FIT within 6 months. Compared with adults allocated to the automated condition, FIT completion rates were higher in adults allocated to the live condition (32.3% vs 26.0%; adjusted difference, 6.3 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.1-11.4) and in adults allocated to the combined automated plus live condition (35.7% vs 26.0%; adjusted difference, 9.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 4.4-14.9). The number of kits needed to mail to achieve a completed FIT ranged from 2.8 in the combined automated plus live condition to 3.8 in the automated condition.

Conclusions: Among unscreened individuals in this population, live phone call reminders either alone or in combination with automated prompts and reminders outperformed automated approaches alone.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03167125.

Keywords: Colon Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Community Health Centers; Early Detection of Cancer; Hispanic Americans; Occult Blood; Text Messaging.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / prevention & control
  • Community Health Centers / organization & administration*
  • Early Detection of Cancer / methods
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / organization & administration*
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data
  • Middle Aged
  • Occult Blood
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Participation
  • Pilot Projects
  • Postal Service
  • Reminder Systems*
  • Telephone
  • Text Messaging

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03167125