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. 2019 Apr;83(2):122-132.

Epidemiology and molecular characterization of the antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Chinese mink infected by hemorrhagic pneumonia

Xue Bai  1 , Siguo Liu  1 , Jianjun Zhao  1 , Yuening Cheng  1 , Hailing Zhang  1 , Bo Hu  1 , Lei Zhang  1 , Qiumei Shi  1 , Zhiqiang Zhang  1 , Tonglei Wu  1 , Guoliang Luo  1 , Shizhen Lian  1 , Shujuan Xu  1 , Jianke Wang  1 , Wanjiang Zhang  1 , Xijun Yan  1
Affiliations
Free PMC article

Epidemiology and molecular characterization of the antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Chinese mink infected by hemorrhagic pneumonia

Xue Bai et al. Can J Vet Res. 2019 Apr.
Free PMC article

Abstract
in English, French

Hemorrhagic pneumonia in mink is a fatal disease caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Very little is known about P. aeruginosa in relation to genotype and the mechanisms underlying antimicrobial resistance in mink. A total of 110 P. aeruginosa samples were collected from mink from Chinese mink farms between 2007 and 2015. Samples underwent molecular genotyping using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), antimicrobial susceptibility and its mechanism were investigated at the molecular level. The PFGE identified 73 unique types and 15 clusters, while MLST identified 43 (7 new) sequence types (ST) and 12 sequence type clonal complexes (STCC). Sequence types and PFGE showed persistence of endemic clones in cities Wendeng (Shandong, China) and Dalian (Liaoning, China), even in different timelines. The MLST also revealed the gene correlation of the mink P. aeruginosa across different time and place. The ST1058 (n = 14), ST882 (n = 11), and ST2442 (n = 10) were the predominant types, among which ST1058 was the only one found both in Shandong province and Dalian (Liaoning, China). The MLST for P. aeruginosa infection in mink was highly associated with that in humans and other animals, implying possible transmission events. A small proportion of mink exhibited drug resistance to P. aeruginosa (9/69, 13%) with resistance predominantly to fluoroquinolone, aminoglycoside, and β-lactamase. Eight strains had mutations in the quinolone-resistance determining regions (QRDR). High proportions (65%; 72/110) of the fosA gene and 2 types of glpt deletion for fosmycin were detected. Furthermore, in the whole genome sequence of one multidrug resistant strain, we identified 27 genes that conferred resistance to 14 types of drugs.

La pneumonie hémorragique du vison est une maladie fatale causée par Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Très peu de choses sont connues à propos de P. aeruginosa en lien avec le génotype et les mécanismes sous-jacents à la résistance antimicrobienne chez les visons. Un total de 110 échantillons de P. aeruginosa furent prélevés de visons provenant de fermes de vison chinoises entre 2007 et 2015. Les échantillons ont été soumis à du génotypage moléculaire par électrophorèse en champs pulsés (PFGE) et typage de séquence multi-locus (MLST), des tests de sensibilité aux antibiotiques et ses mécanismes furent étudiés au niveau moléculaire. L’analyse par PFGE a identifié 73 types uniques et 15 regroupements, alors que le MLST a identifié 43 (7 nouveaux) types de séquences (ST) et 12 complexes clonaux de types de séquences (STCC). L’analyse des ST et du PFGE a montré la persistance de clones endémiques dans les villes de Wendeng (Shandong, Chine) et Dalian (Liaoning, Chine), même lors de différentes chronologies. Le MLST a également révélé la corrélation génétique des isolats de P. aeruginosa de vison de différentes locations et de temps différents. Les types ST1058 (n = 14), ST882 (n = 11), et ST2442 (n = 10) étaient les types prédominants, parmi lesquels ST1058 était le seul retrouvé dans la province de Shandong et à Dalian (Liaoning, Chine). Le MLST des isolats de P. aeruginosa provenant d’infection chez les visons était hautement associé à celui chez les humains et d’autres animaux, suggérant de possibles évènements de transmission. Une petite portion des isolats de P. aeruginosa de vison (9/69, 13 %) démontrait de la résistance aux antibiotiques, principalement envers les fluoroquinolones, les aminoglycosides et les β-lactamines. Huit souches avaient des mutations dans les régions déterminant la résistance aux quinolones. Des proportions élevées (65 %, 72/110) du gène fosA et deux types de délétion glpt pour la fosmycine furent détectées. De plus, dans la séquence entière du génome d’une des souches multirésistantes, nous avons identifié 27 gènes conférant de la résistance à 14 types de médicaments.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Geographical distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from 5 provinces in northeastern China. The letters in the figure represent the city within the province as follows: a — Harbin; b — Shenyang; c — Jinzhou; d — Dalian; e — Wendeng; f — Weihai; g — Weifang, h — Linyi.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) phylogenetic tree analysis for the 110 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains obtained from mink using bionumerics computer software (Applied Maths, Version 7.6). The PFGE clusters 1 to 15 are shown beside the vertical line.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) minimum-spanning tree for the 110 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains obtained from mink using bionumerics computer software (Applied Maths, Version 7.6). Total number of isolates = 110; total number of ST = 43; number of loci per isolate = 7; number of identical loci for MLST clonal complexes definition = 5; total number of BURST groups detected = 6; number of re- samplings for bootstrapping = 1000. The MLST clonal complexes UM01 to UM12 are indicated by arrows.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) phylogenetic tree analysis for the 110 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains obtained from mink using bionumerics computer software (Applied Maths, Version 7.6). Total number of isolates = 110; total number of ST = 43; number of loci per isolate = 7; number of re-samplings for bootstrapping = 1000. The MLST clonal complexes UM01 to UM12 are shown within the brackets.
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