Analysis of oral microbiota in Japanese oral cancer patients using 16S rRNA sequencing

Yasuharu Takahashi; Jonguk Park; Koji Hosomi; Tomonori Yamada; Ayaka Kobayashi; Yuji Yamaguchi; Susumu Iketani; Jun Kunisawa; Kenji Mizuguchi; Nobuko Maeda; Tomoko Ohshima

doi:10.1016/j.job.2019.03.003

Analysis of oral microbiota in Japanese oral cancer patients using 16S rRNA sequencing

J Oral Biosci. 2019 Jun;61(2):120-128. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2019.03.003. Epub 2019 May 16.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oral Microbiology, Doctor of Philosophy in Dental Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan; Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan.
² Laboratory of Bioinformatics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Asagi, Saito, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
³ Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Asagi, Saito, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.
⁴ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, 7-172 Yatsuyamada, Koriyama-shi, Fukushima, 963-8052, Japan.
⁵ Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan.
⁶ Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan. Electronic address: ohshima-t@fs.tsurumi-u.ac.jp.

PMID: 31109865
DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.03.003

Abstract

Objectives: It is important to determine the cause of increasing oral cancer occurrence and mortality rates in Japan, because the mortality rate has recently decreased in other developed countries. The impact of microbiota in carcinogenesis, especially in the digestive tract has been reported. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral cancer and oral microbiota in Japanese patients.

Methods: DNA was extracted from salivary samples of 60 oral cancer patients and 80 non-cancer individuals as controls. We performed metagenomic analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Statistical analysis in this study was performed using R (version 3.5.0).

Results: Oral cancer patients showed higher α-diversity compared to the control group, and the β-diversity between the two groups differed significantly. Further, there was a significant difference in the abundance ratio of bacterial genera between the two groups. Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, Alloprevotella, and Capnocytophaga were more abundant in the cancer group compared to the control, whereas Rothia and Haemophilus were less abundant (p < 0.01). A negative correlation in the microbiota composition was confirmed between the operational taxonomic units (OTU) of genus Rothia and T-stage progression using the TNM classification method. We performed logistic regression analysis to investigate the impact factor for the oral cancer group, and the result showed that Chao 1 index and sex are statistically significant variables.

Conclusions: In this study, we observed an increased bacterial diversity in oral cancer patients and found distribution changes for some bacteria.

Keywords: Bacteria; Epidemiology; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Mouth neoplasms.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Bacteria
Humans
Japan
Microbiota*
Mouth Neoplasms*
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Substances

RNA, Ribosomal, 16S