Outcomes in surgically resectable oropharynx cancer treated with transoral robotic surgery versus definitive chemoradiation

Am J Otolaryngol. 2019 Sep-Oct;40(5):673-677. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.06.001. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Abstract

Purpose: Optimal treatment strategies for the management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remain unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the role of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) on functional and treatment outcomes.

Materials and methods: A retrospective review of patients with OPSCC (tonsil/base of tongue) who underwent TORS with neck dissection± adjuvant therapy between January 2011 to December 2016 were compared to a stage matched cohort of patients treated with primary chemoradiation. Demographic, treatment, and outcome data were collected.

Results: 54 patients received primary chemoradiation and 65 patients (surgical group) received TORS ± adjuvant therapy for clinically staged disease meeting study criteria. 25% (N = 17) were treated with surgery alone. The remainder of the surgical group received postoperative radiation (N = 48), half of which received adjuvant chemotherapy (N = 24) in addition to radiation. 63% (N = 41) of the patients did not have risk factors for chemotherapy. No differences in overall or disease free survival were observed with TORS compared to chemoradiation (p = 0.9), although Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was higher in the surgical group (p = 0.01). The strongest predictor of prolonged gastrostomy tube use was not treatment, but rather co-morbidity (p = 0.03), with no significant differences beyond 12 months.

Conclusion: Although no significant survival differences were observed across treatment groups, this was maintained despite increased comorbidity index in the surgical patients. Given the ability to de-escalate and/or eliminate adjuvant therapy, particularly in a less healthy population, TORS would appear to be the viable treatment option it has become.

Keywords: Chemoradiation and intensity modulated radiation therapy; Neck dissection; Oropharyngeal cancer; TORS; Transoral robotic surgery.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cause of Death
  • Chemoradiotherapy / methods*
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mouth
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / adverse effects
  • Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / methods*
  • Neck Dissection / methods
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care*
  • Prognosis
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome