Sleep duration and bedtime in preschool-age children with obesity: Relation to BMI and diet following a weight management intervention

Pediatr Obes. 2019 Nov;14(11):e12555. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12555. Epub 2019 Jun 19.

Abstract

Background: Sleep duration is associated with obesity in preschoolers. Weight-management interventions may be an opportunity to incorporate sleep health recommendations.

Objectives: To examine changes in sleep in preschool-age children with obesity following a family-based weight-management intervention (Learning about Activity and Understanding Nutrition for Child Health [LAUNCH]) compared with motivational interviewing and standard care conditions. Additionally, we examined associations between sleep with body mass index (BMI) z score (BMIz) and diet.

Methods: One hundred fifty-one children (4.6 ± 0.93 y) completed baseline (pretreatment) and posttreatment (week 24) assessments, including anthropometrics, 24-hour dietary recalls, and a 7-day sleep diary. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-squared tests compared sleep variables between groups; linear regression models examined effects of sleep on BMIz and dietary intake at posttreatment, controlling for baseline values.

Results: Bedtime and sleep duration were not significantly different between treatment groups from baseline to posttreatment. After adjusting for baseline sleep, earlier bedtime was associated with lower BMIz (95% CI, 0.00-0.04; .03), intake of added sugars (95% CI, 0.70-4.32; .007), and sweet/dessert food servings (95% CI, 0.00-0.19; .04) at posttreatment. Longer night-time sleep duration was associated with fewer added sugars at posttreatment, adjusting for baseline sleep (95% CI, -3.79 to -0.35; .02).

Conclusions: More comprehensive sleep intervention incorporated into weight-management intervention may be necessary to promote positive changes for preschoolers with obesity. A focus on earlier bedtime and longer sleep duration appears to be important given associations between sleep duration and bedtime with BMIz and dietary intake.

Keywords: lifestyle intervention; overweight; pediatrics; sleep restriction.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Body Mass Index*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diet / methods*
  • Family Therapy / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Motivational Interviewing / methods*
  • Pediatric Obesity / therapy*
  • Sleep / physiology*
  • Time