A Uniform Shear Assay for Human Platelet and Cell Surface Receptors via Cone-plate Viscometry

J Vis Exp. 2019 Jun 5:(148):10.3791/59704. doi: 10.3791/59704.

Abstract

Many biological cells/tissues sense the mechanical properties of their local environments via mechanoreceptors, proteins that can respond to forces like pressure or mechanical perturbations. Mechanoreceptors detect their stimuli and transmit signals via a great diversity of mechanisms. Some of the most common roles for mechanoreceptors are in neuronal responses, like touch and pain, or hair cells which function in balance and hearing. Mechanosensation is also important for cell types which are regularly exposed to shear stress such as endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, or blood cells which experience shear in normal circulation. Viscometers are devices that detect the viscosity of fluids. Rotational viscometers may also be used to apply a known shear force to fluids. The ability of these instruments to introduce uniform shear to fluids has been exploited to study many biological fluids including blood and plasma. Viscometry may also be used to apply shear to the cells in a solution, and to test the effects of shear on specific ligand-receptor pairs. Here, we utilize cone-plate viscometry to test the effects of endogenous levels of shear stress on platelets treated with antibodies against the platelet mechanosensory receptor complex GPIb-IX.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / metabolism
  • Biological Assay / methods*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism*
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Mechanoreceptors / metabolism
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex / immunology
  • Platelet-Rich Plasma / metabolism
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Solubility
  • Stress, Mechanical*
  • Time Factors
  • Viscosity

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Biomarkers
  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Ligands
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex
  • Receptors, Cell Surface