Therapeutic approach to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a systematic review

Abstract

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a rare, age-related syndrome, characterized by multiple seizure types, mental regression, and specific EEG abnormalities. It is one of the most challenging epilepsy: treatment is rarely effective and the final prognosis remains poor, despite the availability of several antiepileptic drugs, validated through well-designed, randomized, controlled trials. However, it is reasonable to consider non-medical treatments, such as surgery, after failure of two-to-three drugs. This review has as goal to describe systematically the different therapeutic options for LGS, including, not only recognized antiepileptic drugs, but also new oral drugs, immune therapy, diet, surgery, and neurostimulation techniques.

Keywords: Epilepsy surgery; Epileptic encephalopathies; LGS; Lennox–Gastaut syndrome; Treatment.