Rabies is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by lyssavirus and characterized by central nervous system symptoms. The fatality rate of rabies is almost 100%. About 59 000 cases die of rabies worldwide every year, mainly in Asia and Africa. China is an epidemic country of rabies. Grade II and III exposures are the main types of rabies exposures in China. Standardized post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can prevent rabies almost 100%. Human Rabies Vaccine Technical Working Group, National Immunization Advisory Committee and invited experts reached an expert consensus on PEP by referring to the World Health Organization's position paper on rabies vaccine in 2018 and related research progress in recent.
狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒属病毒感染引起的以中枢神经系统症状为主的一种动物源性传染病，病死率几乎100%。全球每年狂犬病死亡例数约59 000例，主要发生在亚洲和非洲，我国为狂犬病流行国家。我国狂犬病暴露就诊人群以Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级暴露为主。规范的狂犬病暴露后预防处置可几乎100%预防发病。中国疾病预防控制中心国家免疫规划技术工作组狂犬病疫苗工作组及特邀专家，参考WHO的2018年狂犬病疫苗立场文件及国内外相关研究进展，就狂犬病暴露预防处置达成专家共识。.
Keywords: Immunoglobulin; Lyssavirus; Post-exposure prophylaxis; Rabies; Vaccine.