Screening and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in acute coronary syndrome. A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Background: We evaluated the effects of sleep-study guided multidisciplinary therapy (SGMT) of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome.

Methods: Eligible patients were randomized into (1) SGMT, comprised a sleep study during the index admission and continuous positive airway pressure and behavioral therapy for those with at least mild OSA or (2) standard therapy. The primary end point was the change in the plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level from baseline to the 7-month follow-up.

Results: A total of 159 patients completed the trial. Of the 70 patients randomized to SGMT, 21 (30%), 15 (22%) and 27 (39%) were diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe OSA, respectively. Continuous positive airway pressure and a positional pillow were prescribed to 57 (91%) and 6 (9%) patients with OSA. Although plasma NT-proBNP levels were lower after 7 months compared to the baseline, the levels did not differ significantly between the SGMT and standard therapy groups at baseline (579 ± 1117 vs. 611 ± 899 pg/dL, p = .851) or at 7 months (90 ± 167 vs. 93 ± 174 pg/dL, p = .996). The changes in NT-proBNP levels from baseline to 7 months were similar with SGMT and standard therapy (-489 vs. -518 pg/dL, p = .726). Similar findings were observed for the plasma ST2 and hs-CRP levels.

Conclusions: OSA screening and multifaceted treatment during the sub-acute phase of acute coronary syndrome did not further reduce the levels of cardiovascular biomarkers when compared with standard therapy.

Clinical trial registration: clinicaltrial.gov NCT02599298.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Clinical trial; Risk factor; Sleep apnea.