Egg yolk phospholipids: a functional food material to generate deep-fat frying odorants

J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Nov;99(14):6638-6643. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9939. Epub 2019 Aug 27.

Abstract

Background: Phospholipids are an important precursor for the generation of carbonyl compounds that play a significant role in the characteristic aroma of deep-fat fried foods.

Results: Phospholipids extracted from hen egg yolks were added into sunflower oil (2.0 g kg-1 ) and heated with or without chicken meat at 160 °C for 10 min, and then dynamic headspace extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to extract and analyse the volatiles. The results showed that the characteristic deep-fat frying odorants, such as (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and (E,Z)-2,4-decadienal, as well as 1-octen-3-one, (E)-2-nonenal, octanal, methional, dimethyl disulfide and alkylpyrazines, had increased by 3-65 times in the sunflower oil with added phospholipids, and increased up to six times in chicken meat that had been treated with phospholipids prior to heating.

Conclusion: There is potential for the food industry to use low levels of phospholipids, particularly egg yolk phospholipids, to increase deep-fat frying odorants in a wide range of deep-fried products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Keywords: 2,4-decadienal; chicken meat; deep-fat frying; egg yolk; odorants; phospholipids.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chickens
  • Cooking
  • Egg Yolk / chemistry*
  • Eggs / analysis*
  • Functional Food / analysis*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Hot Temperature
  • Odorants / analysis
  • Phospholipids / chemistry*
  • Volatile Organic Compounds / chemistry*

Substances

  • Phospholipids
  • Volatile Organic Compounds