The current therapy for bone tumor is difficult to eliminate tumor cells completely and often leads to bone defects and other side effects. To achieve optimal bone tumor therapeutic effect, a dual functional material with tumor therapy and bone regeneration is required. Herein, we successfully synthesized copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses that has both photothermal effect and bone-forming bioactivity. The copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses has both excellent drug loading capacity and photothermal property, and the drug release could be well modulated by the photothermal effect. The experiment in vitro showed that copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses possessed the ability of a combination of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy to enhance the tumor therapy. In addition, the synthesized copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses has good bioactivity for inducing the formation of apatite mineralization. Such dual functional materials present remarkable tumor therapy ability and bone bioactivity, offering new strategy for bone tumor therapy.