Assessing and Managing the Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents

Nutrients. 2019 Aug 2;11(8):1788. doi: 10.3390/nu11081788.

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of cardiovascular risk factors that are associated with insulin resistance and are driven by underlying factors, including visceral obesity, systemic inflammation, and cellular dysfunction. These risks increasingly begin in childhood and adolescence and are associated with a high likelihood of future chronic disease in adulthood. Efforts should be made at both recognition of this metabolic risk, screening for potential associated Type 2 diabetes, and targeting affected individuals for appropriate treatment with an emphasis on lifestyle modification. Effective interventions have been linked to reductions in MetS-and in adults, reductions in the severity of MetS have been linked to reduced diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: adolescent; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; obesity; pediatric; risk.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
  • Child
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / prevention & control
  • Diet
  • Exercise
  • Humans
  • Inflammation
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Life Style
  • Metabolic Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Metabolic Syndrome / prevention & control
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity / prevention & control
  • Risk Factors