To explore the changes of serum miR-375 and its target genes in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) before and after treatment and its significance. Methods: A total of 120 AR patients treated in Wuhan Fourth Hospital were selected as an observation group (AR group), and 120 healthy volunteers served as a control group. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression changes of miR-375 and its predicted target genes, such as 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), protein kinase B (AKT1), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), as well as inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-13 (IL-13) in the AR group before and after treatment. According to the relative expression levels of miR-375 and target genes, the AR patients were also subdivided into a high expression group and a low expression group for comparative analysis. Results: Before treatment, the level of miR-375 in the serum in the AR group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01); the expressions of PDK1, AKT1, JAK2 and STAT3 in the plasma in the AR group were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.01); the plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 in the AR group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the level of miR-375 in the serum was down-regulated (P<0.01), while the levels of target genes (PDK1, AKT1, JAK2 and STAT3) were up-regulated (all P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 were down-regulated in the AR group (all P<0.05). The total effective rate, total nasal symptom score (TNSS), symptom improvement time, and incidence of adverse reactions in the AR groups with high expression of miR-375 and low expression of target genes before treatment were better than those in the correspending groups with low expression of miR-375 and high expression of target genes (all P<0.05). Conclusion: MiR-375 might be a potential predictor of treatment response for AR patient, which might be related to the plasma levels of its target genes and inflammatory factors.
目的：探讨血清miR-375及其靶基因在过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis，AR)患者治疗前后的表达变化及其意义。方法：选取在武汉市第四医院接受治疗的120例AR患者作为观察组(AR组)，同时选取120名健康志愿者作为对照组。通过real-time PCR检测miR-375及其靶基因3-磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶1(3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1，PDK1)、蛋白激酶 B(protein kinase B，AKT1)、Janus激酶2(Janus kinase 2，JAK2)和信号转导与转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3，STAT3)，以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)和白介素-13(IL-13)等炎症因子在AR患者治疗前后的表达变化。并根据miR-375和靶基因的相对表达量将AR患者划分为高表达组和低表达组进行对比分析。结果：治疗前AR组血清miR-375的表达量高于对照组(P<0.01)；血液中PDK1，AKT1，JAK2和STAT3的表达量均低于对照组(均P<0.01)；TNF-α，IL-6，IL-10和IL-13的表达量均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。与对照组相比，治疗后AR组血清miR-375的表达下调(P<0.01)；血液中靶基因PDK1，AKT1，JAK2和STAT3的表达均上调(均P<0.05)；炎症因子TNF-α，IL-6，IL-10和IL-13的表达均下调(均P<0.05)。并且，治疗前血清miR-375高表达组和靶基因低表达组患者治疗的总有效率、鼻炎症状评分标准、症状改善时间和不良反应发生率等均优于对应的miR-375低表达组和靶基因高表达组患者(均P<0.05)。结论：MiR-375可能通过与PDK1，AKT1，JAK2和STAT3等靶基因的负调控作用而抑制TNF-α，IL-6，IL-10和IL-13等炎症因子的表达。.