Purpose of review: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is caused by exposure to medications with dopamine antagonism, mainly antipsychotics. It often distresses individuals, physically and emotionally and affects their quality of life. We evaluated peer-reviewed recently published articles with a goal of providing a critically appraised update on the latest advancements in this field.
Recent findings: In 2017, FDA approved VMAT2 inhibitors, deutetrabenazine and valbenazine. They have demonstrated efficacy in several class 1 studies. Also there have been update in the evidence-based guidelines for treatment for tardive dyskinesia. Various medication classes are being used for treatment of TD with VMAT2 inhibitors to be first FDA-approved medications. Their use should be tailored to the individual patient. Long-term studies will further guide us in how to optimize treatment, especially in the real-world setting. As clinicians, we need to take into consideration all aspects of symptomatology, etiology, potential side effects of the medications, to find the best possible "match" for our patients.
Keywords: Antioxidants; Antipsychotics; Neuroleptic-induced movements disorders; Tardive dyskinesia; VMAT2 inhibitors; Vitamins.