Prevalence of urinary incontinence in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Aim: To find the prevalence of Urinary Incontinence (UI) in males with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Belagavi city and also to understand the severity of UI and the impact of variables like age, duration of diabetes, BMI (Body mass index), waist circumference, glycemic control (fasting blood glucose), and medications on the prevalence of UI in males with T2DM.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted in a tertiary hospital and medical research centre of Karnataka, India in which males aged 35 years or more and suffering with T2DM for at-least 10years were enrolled. UI was assessed using International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF).

Results: Out of 123 male subjects having T2DM screened for the prevalence of UI, 19 subjects were diagnosed to be having UI as per ICIQ-SF questionnaire, accounting to 15.4% of the total sample. The mean ICIQ score of the 19 subjects having UI was 9.2 ± 1.54 showing that the mean severity of UI was moderate in nature. Study also found that the duration of diabetes was significantly high (mean = 18 ± 4.6 years) and glycemic control was significantly poor (Mean FBS = 210 ± 64.21 mg/dL) in subjects with UI than in subjects without UI.

Conclusions: Prevalence of UI among adult patients with T2DM was 15.4% and is of moderate severity, as assessed by ICIQ-SF. Long duration of Diabetes and poor glycemic control could possibly increase the risk of UI among T2DM patients.

Keywords: ICIQ-SF questionnaire; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Urinary incontinence.