Association Between Pre-Ablation Glycemic Control and Outcomes Among Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2019 Aug;5(8):897-903. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.05.018. Epub 2019 Jul 31.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of improved glycemic control on atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence rates after ablation.

Background: Diabetes is associated with increased rates of AF. The impact of improved pre-ablation glycemic control remains unknown.

Methods: The 12-month pre-ablation trends in glycemic control were studied in 298 patients with diabetes undergoing AF ablation. Recurrence data were obtained during a mean follow-up period of 25.92 ± 20.26 months post-ablation.

Results: Higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at the time of ablation was associated with higher post-ablation recurrence rates. More than two-thirds (68.75%) of patients with HbA1c >9% at the time of ablation developed recurrent AF, compared with 32.4% of those with HbA1c <7% (p < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, only the 12-month trend in HbA1c was significantly associated with AF recurrence. Although 91.1% of patients with a worsening trend in HbA1c during the 12 months prior to ablation developed recurrent AF, only 2% of patients with improvements in HbA1c of 10% or more experienced AF recurrence (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: The trend in glycemic control prior to ablation predicts arrhythmia recurrence after ablation. A multidisciplinary approach to reduce HbA1c is imperative in patients with diabetes with AF to reduce recurrence rates after ablation.

Keywords: ablation; atrial fibrillation; diabetes.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / epidemiology
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / surgery
  • Catheter Ablation*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human