Aim: To evaluate the reliability of the ExSel® self-questionnaire to detect an excess salt intake (≥12g/24h) in patients consulting for hypertension and/or renal failure.
Methods: Results of the ExSel® self-questionnaire were compared to 24h sodium excretion using the Cohen's kappa test and a Chi2 test. Sensitivity, specificity, VPP and VPN were calculated. A ROC curve was realized to find an accurate cut-off.
Results: Mean characteristics of the 101 patients with reliable results were: age of 67±12 years, Body Mass Index 28.4±5.6kg/m2, SBP/DBP 139±23/74±13mmHg (98% were hypertensives. Mean salt intake was 7.5±3.1g/24h and mean creatininuria was 13.9±20.1mmol/24h. An excess salt intake (≥12g/24h) was observed in 8% of the patients. The Kappa test at 0.17 and the Chi2 at 0.66 signify that the agreement was very low. Sensitivity was 37%, specificity 90%, PPV 20% and NPV 94%. The AUC under the ROC curve was too low (0.665) to determine a threshold adapted to the renal patients.
Conclusions: The ExSel® autoquestionnaire is not adapted to outpatients, mainly hypertensives (98%) followed in a nephrology consultation to detect an excess salt consumption.
Keywords: Autoquestionnaire; Consommation de sel; Hypertension; Insuffisance rénale chronique; Renal failure; Salt diet; Self-questionnaire.
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