The efficacy and adverse effects of budesonide in remission induction treatment of autoimmune hepatitis: a retrospective study

Croat Med J. 2019 Aug 31;60(4):345-351. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2019.60.345.

Abstract

Aim: To compare the early biochemical response and rate of adverse effects in patients who received prednisolone (PRED)/azathioprine (AZA) and those who received budesonide (BUD)/AZA as the first-line treatment for autoimmune hepatitis.

Methods: The study involved 25 patients receiving PRED 30 mg/day + AZA 50 mg/day and 25 patients receiving BUD 9 mg/day + AZA 50 mg/day from February 2015 to February 2018. Biochemical and hemogram data at baseline and after 6 months of treatment, and adverse effects observed in the follow-up, were compared.

Results: There was no difference between the groups in biochemical response (17 patients receiving PRED/AZA and 18 receiving BUD/AZA) and the rate of adverse effects (9 patients receiving PRED/AZA and 5 receiving BUD/AZA). The total number of adverse effects in the BUD/AZA group was lower (15 vs 7) and the treatment was discontinued in 2 (8%) patients in PRED/AZA group, while no treatment discontinuation was observed in BUD/AZA group.

Conclusions: This study showed no differences in biochemical response between the groups. Lower, although not significantly, rate of adverse effects and lower total number of adverse effects indicate that BUD/AZA may potentially be used as the first-line treatment of choice, especially in patients with obesity, diabetes, resistant hypertension, glaucoma, or osteoporosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Azathioprine / therapeutic use
  • Budesonide / adverse effects
  • Budesonide / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Hepatitis, Autoimmune / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prednisolone / therapeutic use
  • Remission Induction
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Socioeconomic Factors

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Budesonide
  • Prednisolone
  • Azathioprine