A Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Oral Dabrafenib in Children and Adolescent Patients with Recurrent or Refractory BRAF V600 Mutation-Positive Solid Tumors

Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Dec 15;25(24):7294-7302. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-3572. Epub 2019 Sep 10.

Abstract

Purpose: The 2-part, phase I/IIa, open-label study (NCT01677741) sought to determine the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary activity of dabrafenib in pediatric patients with advanced BRAF V600-mutated cancers.

Patients and methods: This phase I dose-finding part treated patients ages 1 to <18 years with BRAF V600 mutation-positive tumors with oral dabrafenib 3 to 5.25 mg/kg/day to determine the RP2D based on safety and drug exposure target.

Results: Between May 2013 and November 2014, 27 patients [12 male; median age, 9 years (range, 1-17 years)] with BRAF V600-mutant solid tumors recurrent/refractory to treatment (low- or high-grade glioma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, neuroblastoma, or thyroid cancer) were enrolled. The median treatment duration was 75.6 weeks (range, 5.6-148.7 weeks), with 63% treated for >52 weeks and 52% undergoing treatment at data cutoff date. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events suspected to be related to study drug were maculopapular rash and arthralgia (2 patients each). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Pharmacokinetic analyses showed a dose-dependent increase in AUC0-12 and achievement of adult exposure levels at the recommended phase II doses of 5.25 mg/kg/day (age <12 years) and 4.5 mg/kg/day (age ≥12 years) divided into 2 equal doses daily, not exceeding 300 mg daily.

Conclusions: In this first clinical trial in pediatric patients with pretreated BRAF V600-mutant tumors, dabrafenib was well tolerated while achieving target exposure levels; the average treatment duration was >1 year with many patients still on treatment. The phase II component is also closed and will be reported separately.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm* / drug effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Maximum Tolerated Dose
  • Mutation*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / drug therapy
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / genetics
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / pathology
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Patient Safety
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / pharmacokinetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf* / genetics
  • Tissue Distribution
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • BRAF protein, human
  • dabrafenib
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01677741