The relationship between foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position in elementary school students

Gait Posture. 2019 Oct:74:142-147. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.09.003. Epub 2019 Sep 5.

Abstract

Background: Static foot assessment is commonly performed in clinical practice to classify foot type for prescribing therapeutic interventions. Foot posture index is known to be a reliable indicator for foot position. Resting calcaneal stance position angle is used widely to determine foot posture and manufacture orthoses for pediatric flat foot patients. However, the relationship between foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position angle in elementary school students is currently unclear.

Research question: To investigate the relationship between foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position angle in elementary school students.

Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2017, 208 elementary school students (average age, 10.3 years; range, 8-13 years) were enrolled for this study. All students were examined physically by one practitioner to measure foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position angle. Age, gender, and body mass index were analyzed for factors associated with flat foot prevalence. This study was conducted as a retrospective comparative study. Associations between foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position angle were determined by Pearson's correlation analysis.

Results and significance: When measured by foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position angle, the overall prevalence of flatfoot was 29% and 24% in the right foot and 26% and 23% in the left foot, respectively. Resting calcaneal stance position angle and foot posture index score showed moderate correlation in Pearson's correlation analysis (left side foot: kappa value = 0.710; right side foot: kappa value = 0.704).

Conclusion: There is a moderate correlation between foot posture index and resting calcaneal stance position angle in elementary school students. Thus, both foot posture index with proven validity and reliability and resting calcaneal stance position widely used in the manufacture of insoles can be used as important biomechanical evaluation tools for feet in clinical settings.

Keywords: Flat foot; Foot assessment; Foot orthosis; Foot posture index; Pediatric flat foot; Resting calcaneal stance position.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Calcaneus / physiology*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Foot / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Posture / physiology*
  • Rest
  • Retrospective Studies