Trends of frequent chronic diseases and health problems, e.g. allergic diseases, have already been published based on the KiGGS Wave 2 study as part of the health monitoring of children and adolescents in Germany. The present work complements these findings with results on less frequent noncommunicable diseases and the trend of communicable, vaccine-preventable diseases.Information from parents about diagnoses and diseases of their 0‑ to 17-year-old children from the representative cross-sectional survey KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017) are compared with those from the KiGGS baseline survey (2003-2006) and KiGGS Wave 1 (2009-2012).The current KiGGS results show almost unchanged prevalences for the noncommunicable diseases epilepsy, migraine, and heart disease. However, the data from KiGGS Wave 2 are supportive of an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus, which nevertheless continues to be relatively rare and predominantly type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.The decline in measles, chicken pox, and whooping cough diseases related to changes in vaccination recommendations shows that preventive measures can effectively benefit children and adolescents.However, the data on vaccine-preventable diseases indicate regionally varying immunity gaps in certain age groups, so the prevention potential of the vaccination recommendations of the Standing Vaccination Commission (STIKO) at the Robert Koch Institute does not seem to have been sufficiently exploited.
Keywords: German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS); Infectious diseases; Noncommunicable diseases; Physical diseases; Trend.