Determination of Changes in Crystal Violet and Phenoxyethanol (Dating Ink)

J Forensic Sci. 2020 Mar;65(2):661-663. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14211. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Abstract

Ink dating is a significant problem in terms of forensic science. Ballpoint pens are generally used as writing tools on the documents. Aging is determination of the changes in dyes and solvents in the composition of ink over time by analytical methods. The evaporation of the solvents from the paper surface is faster than the decomposition process of the dyes. In this study, in 2017, we were asked by the court to determine whether the texts on the suspicious pages of an agenda dated 1996 were written within 2 years or earlier. Phenoxyethanol and dyes were examined in the composition of all suspected ink samples. The results show the determination of both the decomposition process of the dyes and the evaporation process of phenoxyethanol in the aging of the document entries written by ballpoint pen.

Keywords: HPLC; TD-GC/MS; crystal violet; forensic science; ink dating; phenoxyethanol.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Coloring Agents*
  • Ethylene Glycols*
  • Forensic Sciences / methods*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Gentian Violet*
  • Ink*
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Coloring Agents
  • Ethylene Glycols
  • phenoxyethanol
  • Gentian Violet