Association between oral candidiasis and bacterial pneumonia: A retrospective study

Oral Dis. 2020 Jan;26(1):234-237. doi: 10.1111/odi.13216. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate associated risk factors for oral candidiasis in elderly patients hospitalized in a community-based acute-care hospital with no dental units.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-eight elderly patients (male: 105, female: 123), who were hospitalized with several systemic diseases in a community-based acute-care hospital from May 2014 to October 2016, were retrospectively analysed by multiple logistic regression.

Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis shows that bacterial pneumonia has a statistically strong relationship with oral candidiasis (p = 0.000, OR: 5.173, 95% CI: 2.368-11.298). The order followed is poor oral hygiene (p = 0.001, OR: 6.095, 95% CI: 2.003-18.545) and severe dry mouth (p = 0.043, OR: 2.507, 95% CI: 1.031-6.098). Other correlated factors including diabetes mellitus, denture wearer, dysphagia, malnutrition, requiring care and use of inhalation steroids, were not statistically significant in this study.

Conclusions: Bacterial pneumonia correlates with oral candidiasis.

Keywords: bacterial pneumonia; dry mouth; oral candidiasis; oral health care.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Candidiasis, Oral / complications*
  • Deglutition Disorders
  • Dentures
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Female
  • Hospitalization
  • Hospitals, Community
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Malnutrition
  • Oral Hygiene
  • Pneumonia, Bacterial / complications*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Steroids / administration & dosage
  • Xerostomia / complications

Substances

  • Steroids