Association between intraplaque neovascularization assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the risk of stroke

Abstract

Aim: To determine the cut-off value of the area ratio under the curve (ARUC) for predicting symptoms of stroke.

Materials and methods: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to analyse intraplaque neovascularization (IPN). The correlations between the ARUC and risk factors of stroke were examined. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cut-off value of the ARUC.

Results: Using a quantitative analysis method for IPN, the ARUC was significantly higher in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group (p=0.017). The ARUC was positively associated with the homocysteine level (r=0.429, p=0.002) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level (r=0.424, p=0.003). Regression analysis showed that the ARUC was a risk factor for symptoms of stroke. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the cut-off value for symptoms was 0.24; the sensitivity was 77%, and the specificity was 70%; the positive predictive value was 68%, and the negative predictive value was 78%.

Conclusion: IPN was a risk factor for the occurrence of the clinical symptoms of stroke. Patients with an ARUC of >0.24 had a higher risk of stroke.