Effects of Olive and Pomegranate By-Products on Human Microbiota: A Study Using the SHIME® in Vitro Simulator

Camilla Giuliani; Massimo Marzorati; Matteo Daghio; Andrea Franzetti; Marzia Innocenti; Tom Van de Wiele; Nadia Mulinacci

doi:10.3390/molecules24203791

Effects of Olive and Pomegranate By-Products on Human Microbiota: A Study Using the SHIME^® in Vitro Simulator

Molecules. 2019 Oct 21;24(20):3791. doi: 10.3390/molecules24203791.

Authors

Camilla Giuliani¹, Massimo Marzorati², Matteo Daghio³, Andrea Franzetti⁴, Marzia Innocenti⁵, Tom Van de Wiele⁶, Nadia Mulinacci⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of NEUROFARBA and Multidisciplinary Centre of Research on Food Sciences (M.C.R.F.S.- Ce.R.A.), University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no Firenze, Italy. camilla.giuliani@unifi.it.
² Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. massimo.marzorati@ugent.be.
³ Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy. matteo.daghio@unimib.it.
⁴ -Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy. tom.vandewiele@ugent.be.
⁵ Department of NEUROFARBA and Multidisciplinary Centre of Research on Food Sciences (M.C.R.F.S.- Ce.R.A.), University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no Firenze, Italy. marzia.innocenti@unifi.it.
⁶ Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. tom.vandewiele@ugent.be.
⁷ Department of NEUROFARBA and Multidisciplinary Centre of Research on Food Sciences (M.C.R.F.S.- Ce.R.A.), University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no Firenze, Italy. nadia.mulinacci@unifi.it.

Abstract

Two by-products containing phenols and polysaccharides, a "pâté" (OP) from the extra virgin olive oil milling process and a decoction of pomegranate mesocarp (PM), were investigated for their effects on human microbiota using the SHIME^® system. The ability of these products to modulate the microbial community was studied simulating a daily intake for nine days. Microbial functionality, investigated in terms of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and NH₄⁺, was stable during the treatment. A significant increase in Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae at nine days was induced by OP mainly in the proximal tract. Polyphenol metabolism indicated the formation of tyrosol from OP mainly in the distal tract, while urolithins C and A were produced from PM, identifying the human donor as a metabotype A. The results confirm the SHIME^® system as a suitable in vitro tool to preliminarily investigate interactions between complex botanicals and human microbiota before undertaking more challenging human studies.

Keywords: ellagitannins; food by-products; human gut; microbial community; tyrosol.

MeSH terms

Ammonium Compounds / metabolism
Bifidobacterium / classification
Bifidobacterium / drug effects
Bifidobacterium / isolation & purification
DNA, Bacterial / analysis
Fatty Acids, Volatile / metabolism
Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects*
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humans
Lactobacillaceae / classification
Lactobacillaceae / drug effects
Lactobacillaceae / isolation & purification
Olea / chemistry*
Phenols / administration & dosage*
Phenols / chemistry
Phenols / pharmacology
Phylogeny
Polysaccharides / administration & dosage*
Polysaccharides / chemistry
Polysaccharides / pharmacology
Pomegranate / chemistry*

Substances

Ammonium Compounds
DNA, Bacterial
Fatty Acids, Volatile
Phenols
Polysaccharides

Abstract

MeSH terms

Substances

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