Background: Canine and human osteosarcomas (OS) are notably similar and have a high rate of metastasis. There is a poor understanding of the tumor development process, predisposing causes, and varying levels of aggression among different cell lines. By characterizing newly developed canine osteosarcoma cell lines, treatments for people and pets can be developed. Of the seven subtypes of OS, three are represented in this group: osteoblastic (the most common), fibroblastic, and giant cell variant. To our knowledge, there are no other giant cell variant canine OS cell lines in the published literature and only one canine fibroblastic osteosarcoma cell line. Understanding the differences between the histologic subtypes in dogs will help to guide comparative research.
Results: Alkaline phosphatase expression was ubiquitous in all cell lines tested and invasiveness was variable between the cell lines tested. Invasiveness and oxidative damage were not correlated with in vivo growth rates, where TOT grew the fastest and had the higher percentage of mice with metastatic lesions. TOL was determined to be the most chemo-resistant during cisplatin chemotherapy while TOM was the most chemo-sensitive.
Conclusions: Further comparisons and studies using these cell lines may identify a variety of characteristics valuable for understanding the disease process and developing treatments for osteosarcoma in both species. Some of this data was presented as a poster by KMF at the August 5th, 2017 National Veterinary Scholars Program in Bethesda, MA. Characterization of 5 newly generated canine osteosarcoma cell lines. Kelli Franks, Tasha Miller, Heather Wilson-Robles.
Keywords: Canine; Cell line; Osteosarcoma; Xenograft.