Advances on the Bioactivities, Total Synthesis, Structural Modification, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Cytisine Derivatives

Mini Rev Med Chem. 2020;20(5):369-395. doi: 10.2174/1389557519666191104121821.

Abstract

Cytisine is a quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from various Leguminosae plants. Cytisine and its derivatives exhibit a broad range of biological properties, such as smoking cessation aid, antidepressant, neuroprotective, nootropic, anticancer, antiviral, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, insecticidal, and nematicidal activities. In this review, the progress of cytisine and its derivatives in regard to bioactivities, total synthesis, structural modifications focusing on their N-12 position and lactam ring is reported. Additionally, the structure-activity relationships of cytisine and its derivatives are also discussed.

Keywords: Cytisine; bioactivities; lactam ring; structural modification; structure-activity relationship; total synthesis..

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alkaloids / chemical synthesis*
  • Alkaloids / chemistry*
  • Alkaloids / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Azocines / chemical synthesis
  • Azocines / chemistry
  • Azocines / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Quinolizidines / chemical synthesis*
  • Quinolizidines / chemistry*
  • Quinolizidines / pharmacology*
  • Quinolizines / chemical synthesis
  • Quinolizines / chemistry
  • Quinolizines / pharmacology
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Alkaloids
  • Azocines
  • Quinolizidines
  • Quinolizines
  • cytisine