Abstract
Although the clinical outcomes of cell therapy trials have not met initial expectations, emerging evidence suggests that injury-mediated tissue damage might benefit from the delivery of cells or their secreted products. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are promising cell sources primarily because of their capacity to generate stage- and lineage-specific differentiated derivatives. However, they carry inherent challenges for safe and efficacious clinical translation. This Review describes completed or ongoing trials of PSCs, discusses their potential mechanisms of action, and considers how to address the challenges required for them to become a major therapy, using heart repair as a case study.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Cell Differentiation / genetics
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Cell Differentiation / immunology
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Cell Differentiation / physiology
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Cell Survival / immunology*
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Cell Survival / physiology
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Embryonic Stem Cells / immunology
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Embryonic Stem Cells / physiology
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Embryonic Stem Cells / transplantation
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Heart Failure / immunology
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Heart Failure / metabolism
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Heart Failure / therapy
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Humans
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Immunosuppression Therapy
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / immunology
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / physiology
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / transplantation*
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Macular Degeneration / immunology
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Macular Degeneration / therapy
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Parkinson Disease / immunology
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Parkinson Disease / therapy
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Spinal Cord Injuries / immunology
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Spinal Cord Injuries / therapy
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Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
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Stem Cell Transplantation / methods
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Transplantation, Autologous / adverse effects
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Transplantation, Autologous / methods
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Transplantation, Homologous / adverse effects
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Transplantation, Homologous / methods